The Syrian Crisis: The Fall of Assad, the Rise of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), and Regional Implications

Abstract The Syrian conflict, spanning over a decade, has profoundly reshaped the Middle East. In 2024, the collapse of Bashar al-Assad’s regime and the rise of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) marked a new phase in this multi-layered crisis. This